Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials develops ammonia-fuelled engine
February 4, 2025
The Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), an institute under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Science and ICT, in collaboration with the Electrification Engineering Center of Hyundai Motor and Kia, has announced the development of the world’s first engine capable of directly injecting ammonia into the combustion chamber at high pressure.
Ammonia is a renewable and zero-carbon energy source, but its use has faced challenges associated with gaseous ammonia fuels, such as unstable power output and harmful emissions. The new engine utilises high-pressure liquid injection technology to address these issues. This system is said to ensure a stable supply of large volumes of ammonia fuel. By using pure ammonia, the engine is able to achieve output without requiring additional combustion-enhancing devices or additives.
The research team enhanced the engine’s performance by improving the ignition system and optimising the timing of fuel injection and valve operation. They also developed a dedicated after-treatment system to minimise nitrogen oxides (NOx) and unburnt ammonia emissions, allowing the engine to demonstrate improved thermal efficiency and power output at a drastic reduction in harmful emissions.
Principal researcher Dr Cheolwoong Park of KIMM highlighted its potential to transform mobility power sources and industrial power generation, particularly in the realm of clean hydrogen energy. “This innovation represents a groundbreaking improvement over conventional ammonia engine technologies, introducing a new concept in power systems.”
ThE research was supported by Hyundai Motor and Kia through the project titled “Evaluation of Direct Injection Ammonia Engines. “Principal researcher Dr Seungwoo Lee of Hyundai Motor and Kia added, “This engine technology could serve as a breakthrough in addressing the challenges of hydrogen transportation and green hydrogen production, establishing ammonia as a new clean fuel-based power solution,”
The NEW technology is anticipated to serve as a foundational platform for various applications, including vehicles, ships, aircraft, and industrial power generators.
